Two Koreas

eftir Don Oberdorfer

Bók sem ég pantaði gegnum Amazon og las um sumarið 2013.

Segir sögu Kóreu og skiptingu þess í Norður og Suður. Í bókinni kemur fram gríðarmikill munur á ástandi þessara landa. Annað eitt af fremstu ríkjum heims, hitt á barmi gjaldþrots. Hér eru nokkrir punktar eins og það birtist í bókinni. Stutt saga ríkjanna tveggja og síðan tímalína og helstu aðilar.

Eins og stundum hjá mér þá er þetta blandað bæði á ensku og íslensku.

Korea

A peninsula approximately 85.000 square miles, 219.140 km². 47 million people in 2010.

Fyrrum konungsríki, Three kingdoms of Korea. First united during Silla dynasty 57 BC, then Goryeo dynasty in 935, Mongol invasion in the 13th century, then Joseon dynasty in 1392. Korean empire in 1897. 1910 lögðu Japanir landið undir sig. 1948 sömdu USSR og USA um skiptingu landsins við 38. breiddarbaug í Norður Kóreu (PDRK) og Suður Kóreu (ROK).

North Korea

Pyoungyang höfuðborg. Landamæri að S-Kóreu, Kína, Rússlandi, Yellow sea / East China sea (Kína og Taiwan) og East sea / Sea of Japan (Japan og Rússland). Established diplomatic relations bls. 435

Presidents: 1948 Kim Il Sung, 1994 Kim Jong Il, 2009 Kim Jong Un

South Korea

Seoul höfuðborg. Landamæri að N-Kóreu, Yellow sea / East China sea (Kína og Taiwan) og East sea / Sea of Japan (Japan og Rússland).

Presidents: 1948 Syngman Rhee, 1960 Yun Bo Seon, 1962 Park Chung Hee, 1979 Choi Kyu Ha, 1980 Chun Doo Hwan, 1988 Roh Tae Woo, 1993 Kim Young Sam, 1998 Kim Dae Jong, 2003 Roh Moo Hyun, 2008 Lee Myung Bak, 2013 Park Geun Hye

Timeline

1882 - signed Treaty of amity and commerce with US

1897 - Korean empire

1905 - secretary of war William Howard Taft approves Japan's domination over Korea

1910 - Japan occupation

1948 - division on 38th parallel, ROK proclaimed 15.8.1948 and PDRK on 9.9.1948

1950 - 25.6 N-Korea invades S-Korea

1953 - july Korean war ends

1972 - 4.7. joint statement by N-Korea and S-Korea

1972 - 16.10 martial law delared in S-Korea, yushin system

1974 - 15.11 incident at DMZ with steam tunnel

1976 - 18.8 murder in the DMZ, tree

1979 - 26.10 Park's assassination

12.12 night of the generals, events of 12/12

1980 - may Kwangju uprising and massacre

1983 - 1.9 KAL007 shut down by Soviet union

9.10 Bomb by N-Korea in Rangoon Burma killing S-Korean and Burmese

1984 - Kim Il Sung visit to USSR

1985 - 12.12 N-Korea joined NPT

1987 - 29.11 N-Korean bombing of KAL858 from Abu Dhabi to Seoul

1988 - Summer olympics in Seoul

1990 - june Gorbachev & Roh meet in US

1991 - 13.12 North-South agreement, bls 261-2

1994 - 16. 6 Carter meets Kim Il Sung in Pyongyang

1994 - 21.10 nuclear agreement between US and DPRK signed in Geneva, bls. 357

1995 - „two plus two“ proposal from ROK

1995 - 26.7 23 heavy rain in N-Korea cause help appeal to UN in august

1996 - 16.4 Kim Young Sam and Clinton meet at Cheju island

1996 - 26.8 former S-Korean presidents found guilty of money corruption

1996 - 18.9 DPRK submarine run aground in S-Korea

1998 - 31.8 N-Korea launched a three-stage rocket, Taep‘o-dong

2000 - 13.6 North-South summit Pyongyang, Kim Jong Il and Kim Dae Jung, bls. 431

Skammstafanir

APEC - Asia Pacific Economic Coordination organization

DMZ - DeMilitarized Zone, 151 mile long

DPRK - Democratic People's Republic of Korea (N-Korea)

GDR - German Democratic Republic (East-Germany)

IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency, bls. 267

JSA - Joint Security Area

KAL - Korean Air Lines

KCIA - S-Korea CIA

KEDO - Korean peninsula Energy Development Organization

KEPCO - Korean Electric Power COrporation

KPA - Korean's People Army

LWR - Light Water Reactor, bls. 289

NPT - Nuclear non-Proliferation Treaty

PRC - People's Republic of China

ROK - Republic of Korea (S-Korea)

WASAG - WAshington Special Action Group

People DPRK

Han Se Hae - Workers party official and secret emissary to the ROK

Ho Dam - foreign minister and secret emissary to the ROK

Hwang Jan Yop - Workers party secretary for international affairs and juche theoretician; defected to ROK in 1997

Jo Myong Rok - vice marshal and first vice chairman of the National Defense Commission

Kang Sok Ju - deputy foreign minister and chief nuclear negotiator with the US

Kim Gye Gwan - vice foreign minister and deputy negotiator with the US

Kim Hyon Hui - DPRK agent; bomber of KAL858; incarcerated and pardoned in the ROK

Kim Il Sung (15.4.1912-8.7.1994) - leader of the Workers party; prime minister, later president of the DPRK; Great leader

Kim Jong Il (16.2.1942-) - eldest son of Kim Il Sung; graduated from Kim Il Sung university; leader of the DPRK following his father's death; Dear leader

Kim Yong Nam (24.2.1928-) - deputy prime minister and foreign minister of the DPRK, later chairman of Supreme Peoples assembly and nominal head of state

Kim Yong Sun (1934-) - Workers party secretary and head of the DPRK delegation in 1992 talks with the US

Yun Ki Bok - Workers party official; political adviser to the DPRK delegation to the Red cross talks; secret emissary to the ROK

People ROK

Choi Kyu Ha - prime minister of the ROK; briefly president after death of Park Chung Hee

Chun Doo Hwan (18.1.1931-) - leader of the 1979 military takeover; president of the ROK

Chung Ju Yung (1915-) - chairman of the Hyundai conglomerate; chairman of the campaign committee to win the Seoul Olympic games; presidential candidate in 1992

Gong Ro Myung - foreign minister of the ROK

Han Sung Joo - foreign minister of the ROK

Kim Chong Whi - national security assistant to president Roh Tae Woo

Kim Dae Jung (6.1.1924-) - opposition political leader and presidential candidate in 1971, 1987, 1992, 1997; popularly elected president 1997

Kim Jae Kyu - director of KCIA; assassin of president Park Chung Hee

Kim Jong Pil - prime minister of the ROK; presidential candidate in 1987

Kim Woo Choong - chairman of the Daewoo conglomerate; unofficial envoy abroad and to the DPRK

Kim Young Sam (20.12.1928-) - opposition political leader, later government party leader; popularly elected president in 1992

Lee Hu Rak - director of the KCIA

Lee Yon Kil - businessman and anti-communist activist who arranged the defection of Hwang Jang Yop from N-Korea

Lim Dong Won - senior adviser to president Kim Dae Jong on North-South affairs; secret emissary to DPRK in may 2000

Park Chul Un - presidential staff and intelligence official; ROK secret emissary to the DPRK

Park Chung Hee (30.9.1917-26.10.1979) - leader of the 1961 military coup; later president of the ROK

Roh Tae Woo (4.12.1932-) - division commander in 1979 military takeover; popularly elected president in 1987

Sohn Jang Nae - KCIA minister in the ROK embassy, Washington; deputy director of the KCIA in Seoul

Yoo Chong Ha - national security assistant to president Kim Young Sam; later ROK foreign minister

Other People

Gerald Ford - 38. US president 1974-77

Henry Kissinger - played a prominent role in US foreign policy 1969-77, Sino-American rapproachment

Jimmy Carter - 39. US president 1977-81, withdrawal program

Joseph Stalin - USSR leader 1922-52, believed to have installed Kim Il Sung as leader

Konstantin Chernenko - USSR leader 1984-85

Mikael Gorbachev - USSR president 1985-91

Mun Se-gwang - attempted assassin of ROK president Park 15.8.74; killer of Yook Young Soo (Mrs. Park)

Richard Nixon - 37. US president 1969-74

William Howard Taft - US secretary of War in 1905; 27. US president 1909-13